By default the command ssh-keygen will generate an RSA 2048 bits private-key, but you can also generate ECDSA or ED25519 ssh keys which provide a better encryption, with shorter public keys using the Elliptic curves algorithm. To generate ssh keys, we will use the openssh built-in tool ssh-keygen. The public key need to be added on the remote server, and when you will launch your ssh connection, it will check if the public and the private key match, if not, you will be prompt for a password or disconnected if password authentification isn’t allowed. We talk about “SSH Keys” because it’s a matching pair of cryptographic keys (public and private). It’s also a way to make SSH connections easier, and it provide the ability to give an SSH access to somebody without having to share a password. With SSH Keys, SSH (Secure Shell) provide a more secured solution to login on your server than password authentification, because SSH keys are almost impossible to crack with brute-force attacks (consists to try each possible password).
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